Headlong means rushing forward without stopping to think. Rush headlong, fall headlong, headlong into it.
It carries both speed and imprudence, which is why it is almost never neutral — going headlong into something is a criticism. The literal sense is head first. Note that the -long is not the word long: it is an old adverbial ending that was reshaped to look like one, as in sidelong.
1adverbheadlongRushing forward without stopping to think.
“He jumped headlong into marriage after knowing her for only a month.”
headlong is a manner of rushing.
Middle English hedlong alters an older hedling, whose ending was an adverbial one. It was reshaped to look like long.
Middle English
hedlong
English, today
headlong
Built from
From Middle English hedlong, alteration of hedling, heedling, hevedlynge (“headlong”), assimilated to long. More at headling.
Etymology from Wiktionary, CC BY-SA