Overpowering means so strong that it drowns out everything else. A smell, a taste, a feeling that leaves no room for any other.
Smells and flavours are its natural home, since an overpowering smell of bleach is one you cannot get past. It also suits emotion, and an overpowering urge is one nobody could resist. Applied to a person it means dominating, so an overpowering personality leaves no space for anyone else. The verb overpower means to defeat by strength, and overwhelming is the near synonym for the figurative uses.
1adjectiveoverpoweringSo strong that nothing else can be noticed.
“There was an overpowering smell of petrol.”
overpower comes from over- + power.
Etymology from Wiktionary, CC BY-SA