Other forms: raging, raged, rages
Rage is anger so hot that a person can barely think. Beyond temper, and past the point of reasoning.
It works as a noun and a verb, so somebody is in a rage and a storm rages. Modern English has built compounds from it, and road rage, air rage and trolley rage all name anger let loose in a particular setting. There is a separate and much lighter use, since something that is all the rage is extremely fashionable, and that sense has nothing angry about it at all.
1nounrageViolent uncontrollable anger.
“He drove off in a rage.”
2verbstormOf a storm or battle, to continue with great force.
“The fire raged for two days.”
Too few real examples of this word to estimate which sense is commonest.
Anglo-Norman
rage
Middle English
rage
English, today
rage
From Middle English rage, from Anglo-Norman rage. From Middle English rage, from Anglo-Norman rage, from Latin rabia, from Classical Latin rabiēs (“anger, fury”). a doublet of rabies. Displaced native wode, from wōd "madness, fury, rage"; compare Modern dialectal wood; and hotherte, from hātheort.
Etymology from Wiktionary, CC BY-SA