Classical means belonging to an established formal tradition. Classical music, classical architecture, a classical education.
In music it means the Western art tradition generally, and also, more narrowly, the period between the baroque and the romantic. In architecture and history it means ancient Greece and Rome — the classical world, classical studies. In physics, classical mechanics means the pre-quantum kind. Note classic, which is a different word meaning the best of its kind or the typical example, and which is constantly swapped for this one.
1adjectiveclassicalBelonging to an established formal tradition.
“She has played classical music since she was about six.”
2adjectiverelatingRelating to ancient Greece and Rome.
“The whole front of the building is classical and about 1820.”
classical is a quality of tradition.
French
classique
English
classic
English, today
classical
From classic + -al. See classic § Etymology for history. by surface analysis, class + -ical or classic + al or class + -ic + -al classic Borrowed from French classique. From French classique, from Latin classicus (“relating to the classes of Roman citizenry, especially the highest”), from classis. by surface analysis, en + class + ic. classy.
Etymology from Wiktionary, CC BY-SA