Other forms: recited, reciting, recites
To recite is to say something out loud from memory while other people listen. A child at the front of the class reciting the whole first verse without a stumble; a hall of people reciting the same words together every week.
It works for anything learned by heart — a poem, a prayer, the times tables, the alphabet. It stretches to reeling off a list you know far too well: he recited every complaint about the neighbours in order, with dates. You recite something TO someone. The noun for the act is recitation, while a recital is a concert given by one musician, and that pair catches people out. Recite is a shade formal; in the kitchen you would say say it from memory.
Recite came through Middle English reciten and Old French reciter from Latin recitō, and the trail runs back further to a Proto-Indo-European root, *keyh₂-. Six hundred years in English and the word has barely changed shape.
Proto-Indo-European
*keyh₂-
Latin
recitō
Old French
reciter
Middle English
reciten
English, today
recite
From Middle English reciten, from Old French reciter, from Latin recitō.
Etymology from Wiktionary, CC BY-SA