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summons

UK/ˈsʌ.mənz/US/ˈsʌ.mənz/
nounB2+Common in everyday speech and writing · #6,751 of 15,258neutral

Other forms: summonses

A summons is an order to appear before a court. Issue a summons, serve a summons, ignore the summons.

It is singular despite the s, so it is a summons and the plural is summonses. Ignoring one is itself an offence in most systems, since the whole apparatus depends on people turning up. It also works as a verb: to summons somebody.

Definitions of summons

  1. 1nounsummonsAn order to appear before a court.B2+

    “She received a summons to appear in court as a witness next month.”

summons is an order.

Where it comes from

Old French sumunce comes from Latin summonere, to remind privately — sub plus monere, to warn.

  1. Proto-Indo-European

    *men- (think)

  2. Vulgar Latin

    *summonsa

  3. Old French

    sumunce

  4. Middle English

    somouns — order or command to do something

  5. English, today

    summons

Built from

  • summoneo · Latin — to summon

From Middle English somouns (“order or command to do something”), borrowed from Old French sumunce (modern semonce), from Vulgar Latin summonsa, a noun use of the feminine past participle of summoneo (“to summon”).

Etymology from Wiktionary, CC BY-SA

Practise this word

summons in the wild

  • In some jurisdictions, a lawsuit is commenced by filing a summons, claim form or a complaint.

    Plaintiff

  • A writ of summons is a formal document issued by the monarch that enables someone to sit in a Parliament under the United Kingdom's Westminster system.

    Writ of summons

  • At the beginning of each new Parliament, each person who has established their right to attend Parliament is issued a writ of summons.

    Writ of summons

From Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0. These sentences were written by other people about their own subjects; they are here to show the word at work, not as anybody’s opinion.

Related words

the summoneo family

summonsummons

summons — used about once every 2,103 pages · #6,751 · point at the bar for the others