Nature & Weather
The outdoors · 293 words
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293 words
- acorn/ˈeɪ.kɔɹn/noun · B1+The little nut of the mighty oak, beloved by squirrels.
- air/ˈɛə̯/noun · A1The invisible stuff all around us that every living thing breathes.
- alpine/ˈæl.paɪn/adjective · B2+Belonging to high mountains above the trees.
- archipelago/ˌɑːkɪˈpɛlɪɡəʊ/noun · C1A scattered chain of many islands.
- arcticadjective · B2Belonging to the far frozen north.
- arid/ˈæɹɪd/adjective · B2+So dry that little will grow.
- ash/ˈæʃ/noun · B2The soft grey powder left after a fire has finished.
- avalanche/ˈævəlɑːnʃ/noun · B2A huge mass of snow suddenly sliding down a mountainside.
- bamboo/bæmˈbu/noun · A2+The tall fast-growing hollow grass that pandas eat.
- bark/bɑːk/noun · B1The rough protective skin of a tree.
- barren/ˈbæɹən/adjective · B2+Too dry or poor to grow anything.
- basin/ˈbeɪsɪn/noun · B1+A bowl of land drained by one river system; also, a washing bowl.
- beach/biːt͡ʃ/noun · A1The sandy edge of the sea where people lie in the sun.
- beak/biːk/noun · B2The hard pointed mouth of a bird.
- biodiversity/ˌbaɪə(ʊ)daɪˈvɜːsɪti/noun · B2+The richness of all the different living things in one place.
- birch/bɜːtʃ/noun · B2+The slim northern tree with peeling white bark.
- blizzard/ˈblɪz.əːd/noun · B1+A violent snowstorm you cannot see through.
- blossom/ˈblɒs.əm/noun · B2The flowers that cover fruit trees in spring.
- boulder/ˈbəʊl.də(ɹ)/noun · B1+A rock so huge you could not hope to move it.
- branch/bɹɑːnt͡ʃ/noun · B1One of the wooden arms growing out of a tree.
- breeze/bɹiːz/noun · A2+A soft gentle wind that feels pleasant on a warm day.
- burrow/ˈbʌɹəʊ/noun · B1+The underground home a rabbit digs.
- bush/ˈbʊʃ/noun · B1A plant like a small round tree with many low branches.
- cactus/ˈkæktəs/noun · A2+The desert plant covered in needles that needs almost no water.
- camouflage/ˈkæ.məˌflɑːʒ/noun · B1+Colors and patterns that make a creature vanish into its background.
- canopy/ˈkæ.nə.pi/noun · B2The green roof formed by treetops meeting over a forest.
- canyon/ˈkænjən/noun · B1+A deep narrow valley with steep rock walls, cut by a river over ages.
- cascade/kæsˈkeɪd/noun · B2+A small waterfall, or a series of them.
- cave/keɪv/noun · B1A natural hole going deep into rock, dark inside and home to bats.
- cavern/ˈkav.ən/noun · B2A large cave.
- claw/klɔ/noun · B1One of the sharp curved nails on an animal's paw.
- clay/kleɪ/noun · B1The heavy sticky earth that pots are shaped from.
- clearing/ˈklɪɹɪŋ/noun · B2An open space within a wood.
- cliff/klɪf/noun · B2A high steep wall of rock, often falling straight into the sea.
- climate/ˈklaɪ.mɪt/noun · B1+The usual weather of a place measured over many years.
- cloud/ˈklaʊ̯d/noun · A2The white or grey fluffy thing floating in the sky.
- coast/kəʊst/noun · A2The whole line where a country's land meets the sea.
- compost/ˈkɒm.pɒst/noun · B1+Kitchen scraps rotted down into rich food for the garden.
- confluence/ˈkɒn.flu.əns/noun · C1The point where two rivers join.
- conservation/ˌkɑnsə(ɹ)ˈveɪʃən/noun · B2+The organized protection of nature from being used up.
- copse/kɒps/noun · C2A small group of trees.
- coral/ˈkɒɹəl/noun · B2The colorful underwater structures built by tiny sea creatures.
- countryside/ˈkʌn.tɹiˌsaɪd/noun · B1+The green open land outside towns, with farms and fields.
- cove/kəʊv/noun · B2A small sheltered bay.
- crag/ˈkɹæɡ/noun · C1A steep rugged mass of rock.
- craggy/ˈkɹæɡ.i/adjective · C1Full of steep rough rock.
- crater/ˈkɹeɪ.tə(ɹ)/noun · B2The great round hollow left by a volcano or falling space rock.
- cub/kʌb/noun · A2+The baby of a bear, lion, or tiger.
- cyclone/ˈsaɪ.kloʊn/noun · B2+A huge spinning storm system, as hurricanes are in the Indian Ocean.
- decomposition/diːˌkɒmpəˈzɪʃən/noun · B2+The rotting that returns dead matter to the soil.
- deforestation/dɪˌfɒɹɪsˈteɪʃən/noun · B2+The cutting down of whole forests until bare land remains.
- delta/ˈdɛltə/noun · B2The fan of land and channels where a river meets the sea.
- den/ˈdɛn/noun · B1The hidden home of a bear, fox, or lion.
- desert/ˈdɛz.ət/noun · A2A huge dry area of sand and stone where almost no rain falls.
- dew/d͡ʒuː/noun · B1+The tiny water drops that cover the morning grass.
- driftwood/ˈdɹɪftwʊd/noun · B2+Worn wood washed up on the beach by the sea.
- drought/dɹaʊt/noun · B2A long period with no rain at all, when fields dry out and crack.
- dune/djuːn/noun · B1+A hill of sand shaped by the wind.
- earthquake/ˈɜːθkweɪk/noun · B1When the ground itself suddenly shakes and buildings tremble.
- ecosystem/ˈiːkəʊˌsɪstəm/noun · B2+A community of living things and their home, working as one system.
- emission/ɪˈmɪʃ.ən/noun · B2+The gases sent up into the air by engines and factories.
- endangered/ɪnˈdeɪn.d͡ʒəd/adjective · B2So few left that the whole kind may soon vanish.
- environment/ɪnˈvaɪ.ɹə.mənt/noun · B1The natural world around us — air, water, land, and living things.
- erosion/ɪˈɹəʊʒən/noun · B2+The slow eating away of land by wind and water.
- eruption/ɪˈɹʌpʃən/noun · B2The explosive moment a mountain of fire blows its top.
- estuary/ˈɛstjʊəɹi/noun · B2+The wide mouth where a river meets the sea.
- extinct/ɪkˈstɪŋkt/adjective · B1+Having no living members left anywhere.
- extinction/ɪkˈstɪŋkʃən/noun · B1+The forever disappearance of a whole kind of creature.
- famine/ˈfæm.ɪn/noun · B2+A time when a whole region has almost nothing to eat.
- fang/ˈfæŋ/noun · B1+One of the long sharp teeth of a snake or wolf.
- feather/ˈfɛðə/noun · A2One of the light soft pieces a bird's coat is made of.
- fern/fɜːn/noun · B1+The ancient feathery green plant of shady forest floors.
- field/ˈfi(ː)ld/noun · A2A wide open piece of farm land where crops or grass grow.
- fire/ˈfaɪ.ə/noun · A1The hot bright burning thing that gives heat and eats wood.
- fjord/ˈfiːɔːd/noun · B2+A deep narrow sea inlet between steep Norwegian cliffs.
- flock/flɒk/noun · B1A traveling group of birds or sheep.
- flood/flʌd/noun · B1When a river rises and water covers streets and fields.
- floodwaternoun · B2+Water covering land it does not usually reach.
- flower/ˈflaʊ̯.ə/noun · A1The colorful part of a plant that smells sweet and attracts bees.
- foam/ˈfəʊ̯m/noun · B1The white mass of tiny bubbles on top of waves.
- fog/fɒɡ/noun · A2+Thick low cloud at ground level that hides everything around you.
- food chainnoun · B2The order in which living things eat one another.
- forest/ˈfɒɹɪst/noun · A2A large area covered with trees growing close together.
- fossil fuelphrase · B2Coal, oil, and gas — energy dug up from ancient buried life.
- fossil recordnoun · C1The evidence of past life preserved in rock.
- frost/fɹɒst/noun · B1The thin white frozen layer covering grass on cold clear mornings.
- fur/fɜː/noun · B1The thick soft hair covering most animals.
- gale/ɡeɪl/noun · C1A very strong wind, near storm strength.
- germination/ˌdʒɜːɹ.mɪˈneɪ.ʃən/noun · B2+The first sprouting of a seed.
- geyser/ˈɡiː.zə/noun · B2+A natural fountain that blasts hot water from the ground.
- glacial/ˈɡleɪ.sɪəl/adjective · B2+Made or shaped by moving ice.
- glacier/ˈɡlæs.jə/noun · B2A giant river of ice that moves down a mountain over centuries.
- glade/ɡleɪd/noun · C1A sunny open space among trees.
- global warmingphrase · B2The slow heating of the whole planet by trapped gases.
- gorge/ɡɔːdʒ/noun · B2+A deep narrow rocky valley cut by a river.
- grass/ɡɹɑːs/noun · A2The soft green carpet of thin leaves that covers parks and lawns.
- grasslandnoun · B1+Wide country where grass is the main plant.
- gravel/ˈɡɹævəl/noun · B1+The loose small stones that crunch on garden paths.
- greenhouse/ˈɡɹiːnhaʊs/noun · B2The glass building where plants grow warm all year.
- grotto/ˈɡɹɒt.əʊ/noun · C1A small picturesque cave.
- ground/ɡɹaʊnd/noun · A2The surface of the earth that you stand on outside.
- gust/ɡʌst/noun · B2One sudden strong push of wind.
- habitat/ˈhæb.ɪ.tæt/noun · B2The natural home where a creature belongs.
- habitat lossnoun · B2The destruction of the places wildlife needs.
- hail/heɪl/noun · B1Hard little balls of ice that fall from the sky like angry rain.
- haze/heɪz/noun · B2Thin dust or moisture that blurs the air on hot days.
- headland/ˈhɛdlənd/noun · B2+A strip of high land jutting into the sea.
- heat/ˈhiːt/noun · A2The warm energy that comes off a fire or the summer sun.
- heath/hiːθ/noun · C1Open uncultivated land with low shrubs.
- heatwave/ˈhitˌweɪv/noun · B1+Days on end of dangerously hot weather.
- herd/hɜːd/noun · B1A big group of cows, elephants, or other grazing animals.
- hibernation/ˌhaɪ.bəːˈneɪ.ʃən/noun · C1The deep winter-long sleep of bears and hedgehogs.
- hill/hɪl/noun · A2A raised piece of land, smaller and softer than a real peak.
- hillock/ˈhɪl.ək/noun · C2A very small hill.
- hoof/hʊf/noun · B1+The hard foot of a horse or cow.
- horizon/həˈɹaɪ.zən/noun · C1The far line where the sky seems to touch the land or sea.
- horn/hɔːn/noun · B1One of the hard pointed growths on the head of a bull or goat.
- hot springnoun · B1A pool of naturally heated water.
- hurricane/ˈhʌɹɪkən/noun · B1A giant spinning ocean storm with terribly strong winds.
- ice/aɪs/noun · A1Water that has frozen hard in the cold.
- iceberg/ˈaɪsbɜːɡ/noun · B1+The floating ice mountain that hides most of itself underwater.
- icicle/ˈʌɪsəkəl/noun · B1+The hanging spike of frozen drip under winter roofs.
- inlet/ˈɪnlət/noun · B2+A narrow arm of sea reaching into the land.
- invasive speciesnoun · C1A living thing that spreads where it does not belong.
- island/ˈaɪlənd/noun · A1A piece of land with water all the way around it.
- ivy/ˈaɪvi/noun · B1+The climbing evergreen plant that covers old walls.
- jungle/ˈd͡ʒʌŋ.ɡ(ə)l/noun · B1A hot thick wild forest full of monkeys, snakes, and loud birds.
- knoll/nəʊl/noun · C2A small rounded hill.
- lagoon/ləˈɡuːn/noun · B2+A calm shallow pool of seawater sheltered behind sand or coral.
- lake/leɪk/noun · A2A big body of still fresh water surrounded by land.
- landscape/ˈlan(d)skeɪp/noun · B2Everything you see when you look out over a wide area of land.
- lava/ˈlɑːvə/noun · B2The glowing melted rock that pours from an erupting mountain.
- leaf/liːf/noun · B1One of the flat green parts of a plant that turn orange in autumn.
- ledge/lɛd͡ʒ/noun · B2A narrow shelf of rock on a cliff face.
- light/laɪt/noun · A1The brightness that lets your eyes see; the sun pours it out all day.
- lightning/ˈlaɪt.nɪŋ/noun · B1The sudden bright electric flash that cuts across a stormy sky.
- log/lɒɡ/noun · B1A thick cut piece of tree ready for the fire.
- lush/ˈlʌʃ/adjective · B2+Growing thick, green, and rich.
- mane/meɪn/noun · B1+The long proud neck hair of a lion or horse.
- maple/ˈmeɪpl̩/noun · B1The tree of syrup and the leaf on Canada's flag.
- marsh/mɑːʃ/noun · B2Soft, soggy low ground where reeds and frogs thrive.
- meadow/ˈmɛd.əʊ̯/noun · B1+A field of wild grass and flowers, buzzing with insects in summer.
- migration/maɪˈɡɹeɪʃ(ə)n/noun · C1The long seasonal journey of birds and whales across the planet.
- mineral veinnoun · C1A thin band of valuable material running through rock.
- mist/mɪst/noun · B2A thin low cloud hanging just above the ground.
- monsoon/mɒnˈsuːn/noun · B1+The season of endless heavy rain in southern Asia.
- moon/muːn/noun · A2The bright circle in the night sky that changes shape through the month.
- moorlandnoun · B2+Open high ground covered in heather and grass.
- moss/mɒs/noun · B1+The soft green carpet growing on damp stones and old trees.
- mountain/ˈmaʊn.tɪn/noun · A1A very high piece of land, often with snow on top.
- mud/mʌd/noun · B1Wet sticky earth that ruins your shoes after rain.
- mudflatnoun · C1Flat muddy ground uncovered when the tide falls.
- native speciesnoun · B2A living thing that belongs naturally to a place.
- nature/ˈneɪ̯.tʃə(ɹ)/noun · A2Everything in the world not made by people — trees, rivers, and animals.
- nest/nɛst/noun · B1The little home of twigs a bird builds for its eggs.
- nutrient cyclenoun · C1The endless passing of nourishment through living things.
- oak/əʊk/noun · B1The mighty slow-growing tree whose seed is the acorn.
- oasis/əʊˈeɪsɪs/noun · B1+The green watery island of life in the middle of a desert.
- ocean/ˈəʊ.ʃən/noun · A2One of the five biggest bodies of salt water on the planet.
- offspring/ˈɒfspɹɪŋ/noun · C1A creature's young — its children, in the language of biology.
- outcrop/ˈaʊt.kɹɒp/noun · C1Rock that breaks through the surface of the ground.
- ozone/ˈəʊzəʊn/noun · B2+The high gas layer that shields the planet from burning rays.
- palm treenoun · A2A tropical tree with a bare trunk and a crown of leaves.
- panorama/ˌpæn.əˈɹæm.ə/noun · C1A wide uninterrupted view.
- paw/pɔː(ɹ)/noun · B2The soft foot of a cat, dog, or bear.
- peak/piːk/noun · B1The very top point of a mountain.
- pebble/ˈpɛbəl/noun · B2A small smooth stone rounded by water.
- peninsula/pɪˈnɪn.sjʊ.lə/noun · C1Land surrounded by water on three sides, joined to the mainland.
- petal/ˈpɛtl̩/noun · A2+One soft colored leaf of a flower.
- pine/paɪn/noun · B2The evergreen tree with needles instead of leaves.
- plain/pleɪn/noun · B1A wide flat stretch of open land.
- plant/plɑːnt/noun · A1Any living thing that grows from the earth toward the light.
- plateau/ˈplætəʊ/noun · B2+A high, wide stretch of flat land.
- pollen/ˈpɒlən/noun · B1+The yellow dust flowers trade through the bees.
- pollination/ˌpɒlɪˈneɪʃən/noun · B2+The carrying of pollen that lets plants set seed.
- pond/pɒnd/noun · B1A small pool of still water where ducks and frogs live.
- prairie/ˈpɹɛə.ɹi/noun · B2The vast grassy plains of North America.
- predator/ˈpɹɛd.ə.tɚ/noun · C1An animal that hunts other animals for food.
- prey/pɹeɪ/noun · B2The animal being hunted.
- pristine/ˈpɹɪstiːn/adjective · C1Perfectly clean and untouched, as if brand new.
- puddle/ˈpʌdəl/noun · B1The small pool of rainwater on the street that children love to jump in.
- quarry/ˈkwɒɹ.i/noun · B2+The pit where stone is cut out of the ground.
- quicksand/ˈkwɪkˌsænd/noun · B2Wet loose sand that swallows whatever steps on it.
- rain/ˈɹeɪn/noun · A1Water falling in drops from the sky.
- raindrop/ˈɹeɪndɹɒp/noun · A2+A single falling bead of water from the clouds.
- rainforest/ˈɹeɪn.fɒɹ.ɪst/noun · B1+The tall wet tropical forest that holds half the world's species.
- rapidsnoun · B2+The stretch where a river runs fast over rocks.
- recyclingnoun · B1+Turning used bottles, cans, and paper into new things.
- reef/ɹiːf/noun · B1+A ridge of coral or rock just below the sea surface.
- reflection/ɹɪˈflɛkʃən/noun · B2The image thrown back at you by water or a mirror.
- reforestationnoun · C1The planting of trees where forest was lost.
- renewable/ɹɪˈnjuː.ə.bl̩/adjective · B1+Coming from sources that never run out — sun, wind, and water.
- ridge/ɹɪd͡ʒ/noun · B2A long narrow crest where two mountain slopes meet.
- ripple/ˈɹɪp(ə)l/noun · B2One of the small rings spreading where a stone meets still water.
- river/ˈɹɪvə/noun · A1A long line of fresh water flowing across the land to the sea.
- riverbank/ˈɹɪv.əˌbæŋk/noun · B1+The raised land at the edge of a river.
- riverbed/ˈɹɪv.əˌbɛd/noun · B1+The ground a river runs along.
- rock/ɹɒk/noun · A2A large piece of the hard grey material mountains are made of.
- root/ɹuːt/noun · B2The part of a plant that grows down into the earth and drinks water.
- rose/ɹəʊz/noun · A2The romantic red bloom with sharp thorns on its stem.
- rugged/ˈɹʌɡ.ɪd/adjective · B2+Rough, rocky, and tough — coastlines and outdoor gear.
- saltmarshnoun · C2Coastal grassland flooded by the sea at high tide.
- sanctuary/ˈsæŋktjʊəɹi/noun · B2A protected safe place where hunted creatures cannot be touched.
- sand/sænd/noun · B1The tiny golden grains that cover beaches and deserts.
- sap/sæp/noun · C1The sweet liquid blood of a tree.
- savanna/səˈvænə/noun · B1+Hot grassland dotted with trees, home of lions and giraffes.
- scale/skeɪl/noun · B1One of the small hard plates covering a fish.
- scrublandnoun · C1Dry land covered with low rough bushes.
- sea/siː/noun · A1The huge body of salt water that covers most of the planet.
- seaweed/ˈsiːwiːd/noun · B1+The green and brown plants that grow under the sea.
- secluded/sɪˈkluːdɪd/adjective · B2+Hidden away, far from people and noise.
- sediment/ˈsɛd.ɪ.mənt/noun · C1The fine material that settles at the bottom of rivers and lakes.
- sedimentationnoun · C1The settling of carried material at the bottom.
- seed/siːd/noun · B1The tiny hard thing you put in the earth so a plant will grow.
- seismic/ˈsaɪzmɪk/noun · C1Movement and shaking within the earth.
- shade/ʃeɪd/noun · B2The cool dark area where sunlight is blocked.
- shadow/ˈʃædəʊ̯/noun · B1The dark shape you make on the ground when you stand in sunshine.
- sheer/ʃɪə̯/adjective · B2Pure and total — luck, cliffs that drop straight down, or thin fabric.
- shell/ʃɛl/noun · B1The hard outer house of a snail, egg, or nut.
- shingle/ˈʃɪŋ.ɡəl/noun · B2+One of the flat overlapping pieces covering a roof.
- sinkhole/ˈsɪŋkˌhoʊl/noun · B2+A hole where the ground has collapsed into a hollow.
- sky/skaɪ/noun · A2Everything you see when you look straight up outside.
- skyline/ˈskaɪˌlaɪn/noun · B2+The shape a city's towers cut against the evening sky.
- sleet/sliːt/noun · B2+Half-frozen rain that stings as it falls.
- slope/sloʊp/noun · B2The slanted side of a hill that skiers love.
- smoke/sməʊk/noun · A2The grey cloud that rises from anything burning.
- snow/snəʊ̯/noun · A1Soft white cold flakes that fall in winter.
- snowflake/ˈsnəʊ.fleɪk/<a:RP><ref:<<name:OED>>>noun · A2+A single falling ice crystal, each with a unique six-armed shape.
- soil/sɔɪl/noun · B1The dark ground material that plants grow in.
- solar panel/ˈsəʊ.ləˌpæ.nəl/phrase · B2The dark rooftop rectangle that turns sunshine into power.
- spring/ˈspɹɪŋ/noun · B1Water rising naturally out of the ground.
- stalactite/ˈstælæktaɪt/noun · B2A stone spike hanging from a cave roof.
- stalagmite/stəˈlæɡˌmaɪt/noun · B2+A stone spike rising from a cave floor.
- stone/stəʊ̯n/noun · A2A small hard piece of mountain material that fits in your hand.
- storm/stɔːm/noun · A2Very bad weather with strong wind, heavy rain, and sometimes flashes in the sky.
- strait/stɹeɪt/noun · C1A narrow water passage connecting two seas.
- strata/ˈstɹeɪtə/noun · C1The layers rock has been laid down in.
- stream/ˈstɹiːm/noun · B2A small narrow river you can jump across.
- stump/stʌmp/noun · B1+The low remains of a tree after it has been cut down.
- sun/sʌn/noun · A1The burning ball in the sky that gives us daylight and warmth.
- sunrise/ˈsʌnɹaɪz/noun · B1The moment in the morning when daylight first appears over the horizon.
- sunset/ˈsʌnˌsɛt/noun · B1The golden moment in the evening when daylight sinks away.
- sustainability/səˌsteɪnəˈbɪlɪti/noun · B2+Living and producing in ways the planet can bear forever.
- swamp/ˈswɒmp/noun · B1Soft wet land where trees stand in dark still water.
- swarm/swɔɹm/noun · B1+A thick moving cloud of insects.
- tail/ˈteɪ̯l/noun · A2The long back part that wags on a happy dog.
- tectonicadjective · B2+Having to do with the great moving plates of the crust.
- temperate/ˈtɛmpəɹət/adjective · B2+Having mild weather with four clear seasons.
- temperature/ˈtɛm.p(ə.)ɹə.t͡ʃə/noun · A2+How hot or cold something is, measured in degrees.
- thorn/θɔːn/noun · B1One of the sharp points on a rose's stem.
- thunder/ˈθʌndə/noun · B1The huge rumbling sound that follows a flash in a storm.
- tide/taɪd/noun · B2The slow daily rise and fall of the sea, pulled by the moon.
- timber/ˈtɪmbə/noun · B2Trees cut and prepared as building wood.
- timberline/ˈtɪmbɚˌlaɪn/noun · C1The edge of the forest on a mountainside.
- tornado/tɔː(ɹ)ˈneɪ.dəʊ/noun · B1A violent spinning tube of wind that drops from a storm cloud.
- tree/tɹiː/noun · A1The tall plant with a wooden body and green leaves.
- treelinenoun · B2+The height above which trees will not grow.
- tremor/ˈtɹɛmə/noun · B2+A small shaking of the ground before or after a big quake.
- tributary/ˈtɹɪbjʊtəɹi/noun · B2+A smaller river that feeds into a larger one.
- tropical/ˈtɹɒp.ɪ.kəl/adjective · B2From the hot wet lands near the middle of the planet.
- trunk/tɹʌŋk/noun · A2The thick wooden middle part of a tree; also an elephant's long nose.
- tsunami/(t)suːˈnɑːmi/noun · B2+The giant ocean wave set off by an undersea earthquake.
- tundra/ˈtʌndɹə/noun · B2+The treeless frozen plains of the far north.
- twig/twɪɡ/noun · B1+A tiny thin piece of branch that snaps underfoot.
- undergrowth/ˈʌndɚˌɡɹoʊθ/noun · B2+The tangle of bushes and plants under the forest trees.
- undulatingadjective · C1Rising and falling in gentle waves.
- unspoiltadjective · B2+Not damaged by building or crowds.
- valley/ˈvæli/noun · A2+The low green land lying between two lines of high ground.
- vegetation/ˌvɛd͡ʒəˈteɪʃən/noun · C1All the plant life covering an area, taken together.
- venom/ˈvɛnəm/noun · B1+The poison a snake or scorpion injects with its bite or sting.
- verdant/ˈvɜɹ.dənt/adjective · C2Bright green with fresh growth.
- vista/ˈvɪstə/noun · C1A pleasing view, especially a long narrow one.
- volcanic/vɒlˈkænɪk/adjective · B1+Formed by molten rock from below the surface.
- volcano/vɒlˈkeɪ.nəʊ/noun · B1A mountain with fire inside that can erupt with melted rock.
- water cyclenoun · B1The endless journey of water between sea, sky and land.
- waterfall/ˈwɔːtəfɔːl/noun · B1A river falling straight down over the edge of a cliff.
- watershed/ˈwɔːtəʃɛd/noun · C1The ridge dividing which way the rainwater runs.
- wave/weɪv/noun · A2A moving line of water rolling onto the beach.
- weather/ˈwɛðə/noun · A1What the sky is doing today — sunny, rainy, windy, or cold.
- weathering/ˈwɛ.ðə.ɹɪŋ/noun · B2+The breaking down of rock where it lies.
- whirlpool/ˈwɝlpul/noun · B2The spinning circle of water that pulls things down into it.
- whirlwind/ˈwɜːlwɪnd/noun · C2A small spinning column of wind that lifts dust and leaves.
- whisker/ʍɪskə(ɹ)/noun · B1+One of the long feeling hairs beside a cat's nose.
- wilderness/ˈwɪldənəs/noun · B2Wild untouched land where no people live.
- wildlife/ˈwaɪldlaɪf/noun · B2All the animals living free in their natural home.
- wildlife corridornoun · C1A strip of land letting animals move between habitats.
- willow/ˈwɪl.əʊ/noun · B1The graceful tree whose branches weep down toward the water.
- wind/ˈwɪnd/noun · A2Moving air that you feel on your face and that shakes the trees.
- windmill/ˈwɪn(d).mɪl/noun · A2+The tower with great turning sails that the moving air drives.
- windsweptadjective · C1Bare and shaped by constant wind.
- wing/wɪŋ/noun · B1One of the two parts a bird flies with.
- wood/wʊd/noun · A2The hard material that trees are made of.
- woodland/ˈwʊd.lənd/noun · B1+Land covered with trees, smaller than a forest.